This book provides a complete background on metaheuristics to solve complex bi-level optimization problems (continuous/discrete, mono-objective/multi-objective) in a diverse range of application domains.
Readers learn to solve large scale bi-level optimization problems by efficiently combining metaheuristics with complementary metaheuristics and mathematical programming approaches. Numerous real-world examples of problems demonstrate how metaheuristics are applied in such fields as networks, logistics and transportation, engineering design, finance and security.

From the reviews:

“This book is a collection of nine contributions focusing on the state of the art of metaheuristic methods for solving bi-level optimization problems. … the book addresses a very specialized audience of experts in metaheuristics for bi-level optimization, and will be very useful and informative to such experts regarding the latest advances in the field.” (I. M. Navon, Computing Reviews, October, 2013)