Drawing on such diverse sources as propaganda art, the trade union press, workers' memoirs, and materials in recently opened Soviet archives, this is the first book to examine the shifting identity of the "working class" in late tsarist and early Soviet societies. New essays by fifteen leading historians show how Russian workers responded to attempts to make them Soviet.

Initial chapters consider power relations and working-class identity in imperial Russia. The effects of the revolutionary upheavals of 1917 to 1921 on labor relations among printers and coal miners are then discussed. Addressing subsequent decades, other essays document the situation of cotton workers and white-collar workers embroiled within the ambiguities of the New Economic Policy or challenge the appropriateness of "class" analysis for the Stalin era. Additional chapters reconstruct workers' responses to the Great Purges and trace the significance of class in visual and verbal discourse. Making Workers Soviet will be central to the current rethinking of Soviet history and of class formation in noncapitalist settings.

This volume represents a signal event in Russian/Soviet labor history by bringing together samplings of much of the most interesting current work in the field.

This memoir can be read as a true confession of love [...] for history and historical craft.

Lewis H. Siegelbaum is Professor of History at Michigan State University. His previous books include Soviet State and Society between Revolutions, 1918-1929. Ronald Grigor Suny is Alex Manoogian Professor of Modern Armenian History at the University of Michigan. He is the author of several books, most recently, The Revenge of the Past: Nationalism, Revolution, and the Collapse of the Soviet Union.