One of former New York City Mayor Rudolph Giuliani's proudest accomplishments was his expansion of the Work Experience Program, which uses welfare recipients to do routine work once done by unionized city workers. The fact that WEP workers are denied the legal status of employees and make far less money and enjoy fewer rights than do city workers has sparked fierce opposition. For antipoverty activists, legal advocates, unions, and other critics of the program, this double standard leads to a troubling question: are workfare participants workers or welfare recipients? At times, the fight over workfare unfolded as an argument over who had the authority to define these terms, and in "Free Labor", John Krinsky focuses on changes in the language and organization of the political coalitions on both sides of the debate. Krinsky's broadly interdisciplinary analysis draws from interviews, official documents, and media reports to pursue new directions in the study of the cultural and cognitive aspects of political activism. "Free Labor" will instigate a lively dialogue among students of culture, labor and social movements, welfare policy, and urban political economy.

"Brimming with novel analyses and methodological strategies, Free Labor presents both a compelling analysis of the rise of workfare as a neoliberal policy project and a fine-grained examination of the travails and partial successes of anti-WEP coalitions." - Marc Steinberg, author of Fighting Words"

John Krinsky is assistant professor of political science at the City College of New York.